The recent ceremony in Kuala Lumpur, where Cambodia and Thailand signed an agreement, was undeniably dominated by US President Donald Trump. He stood out, both physically and in his pronouncements, delivering the longest speech and making the grandest claims about the significance of the event.
Trump described the occasion as “momentous” and “monumental” for Southeast Asia, referring to the two prime ministers as “historic figures.” He recounted his personal involvement, stemming from a conversation during a golf game in Scotland, highlighting his belief that resolving conflicts was more important than leisure.
This orchestrated ceremony was a key condition for Trump’s attendance at the annual ASEAN summit, serving his broader ambition to be recognized as a global peacemaker. He proudly stated, “The eight wars that my administration has ended in eight months – there’s never been anything like that,” suggesting a prolific ability to resolve conflicts.
However, the agreement itself, dubbed the “Kuala Lumpur Peace Accord” by Trump, offers more modest steps. Both nations had already agreed to a ceasefire in July, a move also influenced by Trump’s pressure. This new deal involves the withdrawal of heavy weapons from disputed areas, the establishment of an interim observer team, and new procedures for landmine clearance and addressing scam centers. Temporary border markers will also be put in place.
While Thai diplomats believe Trump’s involvement might encourage adherence to these agreements, the underlying border disputes remain unresolved and prone to resurgence. The Thai Foreign Minister, Sihasak Phuangketkeow, cautiously referred to the accord as a “pathway to peace,” a more reserved assessment than Trump’s enthusiastic portrayal. Critics, like Sebastian Strangio of The Diplomat, noted the agreement’s limited scope compared to the presidential fanfare.
Cambodia has been more vocal in its support, aiming to draw international attention to its dispute with Thailand, which it has referred to the International Court of Justice – a move Thailand opposes. Thai Prime Minister Anutin Charvirakul, while appreciating Trump’s support, emphasized bilateral resolution, a stance influenced by domestic nationalist sentiments.
The region’s leaders, reliant on the US market and mindful of Trump’s trade policies, were keen to maintain positive relations. Southeast Asia’s economic stability has been tested by past trade disputes, making Trump’s presence a delicate balancing act. Despite his brief attendance before moving on to other diplomatic engagements, his visit is hoped to foster greater stability in regional relationships.