Iceland, once a sanctuary from buzzing insects, has now recorded its first-ever presence of mosquitoes. This surprising development comes after a spring season marked by record-breaking heat across the island nation.
Local entomologist Bjorn Hjaltason made the discovery last week, encountering the insects over several nights in Kjós, a valley near the capital, Reykjavik. He reported finding two female mosquitoes and one male, which were later identified as Culiseta annulata, a species known for its ability to survive winter conditions.
Previously, Iceland, along with Antarctica, was celebrated as one of the few regions in the world entirely free of mosquitoes. This status was largely attributed to its consistently cold climate, which prevented the insects from establishing breeding populations.
However, this year’s unusually warm spring appears to have altered the situation. Iceland experienced a prolonged period of high temperatures, breaking its own records for May. The country’s Met Office noted that typical May heatwaves rarely exceed 20C (68F) and usually last only a few days, but this year saw temperatures surpass that threshold for ten consecutive days in various locations, with Eglisstaðir Airport recording a historic high of 26.6C (79.8F).
Scientists suggest that these significant temperature shifts could have a profound impact on Iceland’s delicate ecosystems, which have evolved to thrive in cooler conditions and are sensitive to rapid environmental changes.
The exact way the mosquitoes arrived in Iceland remains unclear. Experts are considering possibilities such as accidental transport via ships or cargo. Further monitoring in the coming spring seasons will be crucial to determine if the species has managed to establish a permanent presence in the country.
Mr. Hjaltason expressed his surprise at the discovery, noting that if three mosquitoes appeared in his garden, there might be many more undetected.