In an effort to de-escalate escalating tensions, Madagascar’s President Andry Rajoelina has appointed army General Ruphin Fortunat Zafisambo as the nation’s new Prime Minister. This decision comes amid ongoing youth-led protests that have been ongoing for several weeks, fueled by public dissatisfaction over power outages, corruption, and high unemployment.
The appointment of a military leader marks a significant shift in the government’s approach, with President Rajoelina stating the need for a leader “capable of restoring order and the people’s trust.” The move is seen as an attempt to secure the army’s support during a period of political unrest.
However, the protest movement, known as Gen Z Mada, has rejected the appointment outright, issuing a 48-hour ultimatum for President Rajoelina to step down. A statement from the movement declared, “As long as Rajoelina remains in power we will continue the struggle.”
The protests initially began on September 25th, sparked by widespread anger over the country’s recurring water and power shortages. These grievances have since broadened into a more significant challenge to Rajoelina’s leadership, especially following his dismissal of the previous civilian Prime Minister Christian Ntsay and his cabinet.
General Zafisambo previously served as the director of the military cabinet in the prime minister’s office. Reports from the UN indicate that the protests have resulted in at least 22 deaths and over 100 injuries, although the government has disputed these figures, citing them as based on “rumours and misinformation.” Clashes between security forces and demonstrators have continued in major cities across Madagascar, including the capital Antananarivo, Toliara, and Diego Suarez.
Madagascar, despite its natural resources, remains one of the world’s poorest countries, with a high percentage of its population living below the poverty line and limited access to basic services like electricity. The current unrest represents one of the most significant challenges President Rajoelina has faced since his re-election in 2018 and subsequent re-election in 2023.