The prestigious Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 2025 has been jointly awarded to Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced on Monday, October 6, 2025, that these scientists are being recognized for their profound “discoveries concerning peripheral immune tolerance.”
Their groundbreaking research brought to light the immune system’s crucial ‘security guards’ – the regulatory T cells. These remarkable cells play a vital role in preventing our immune system from mistakenly attacking and harming our own healthy tissues, a process essential for maintaining bodily health.
This award marks the beginning of a week filled with Nobel Prize announcements. Following the Medicine Prize, the winners for Physics will be revealed on October 7, with Chemistry laureates announced on October 8. The highly anticipated prizes for Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences will follow on October 9, October 10, and October 13, respectively.
Each Nobel Prize comes with a substantial cash award of 10 million Swedish kronor (approximately $900,000 USD), along with a gold medal and a diploma. The awards ceremony is scheduled for December 10.
The Nobel Prizes were established through the will of Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel, who stipulated that his fortune should be used to honor individuals who, during the preceding year, had conferred the greatest benefit to humankind in various fields.